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在线翻译:
szdaily -> Speak Shenzhen -> 
维生素片大多没啥用
    2018-06-05  08:53    Shenzhen Daily

Most of your vitamin supplements are useless

Vitamin and mineral supplements are a staple in many people’s diets, but there is increasing evidence to suggest the most popular ones are essentially useless.

A new systematic review of data and trials published between January 2012 and October 2017 found that many popular multivitamins — as well as vitamin C, vitamin D, and calcium supplements — had no real advantage to people’s health and that there was no evidence taking them reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease, heart attack, stroke or early death.

The study, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, was led by researchers at St. Michael’s Hospital and the University of Toronto.

“We were surprised to find so few positive effects of the most common supplements that people consume,” said David Jenkins, the lead author of the study.

There were, however, a few apparently advantageous supplements. Folic acid and B vitamins with folic acid may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, the study found.

Niacin (a form of vitamin B3) and antioxidants, meanwhile, were associated with a higher risk of death by any cause, albeit a very small increase.

The researchers say these higher risks could be related to niacin’s adverse effects on blood-sugar levels, or that when taken in high doses, antioxidants can be harmful.

“These findings suggest that people should be conscious of the supplements they’re taking and ensure they’re applicable to the specific vitamin or mineral deficiencies they have been advised of by their healthcare provider,” Jenkins said.

The vitamins the team reviewed were A, B1, B2, B3 (niacin), B6, B9 (folic acid), C, D and E, as well as carotene, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium and selenium.

Research has found that some vitamins are more useful than others. For example, zinc has been linked to shortening the effects of a cold — something vitamin C doesn’t do, despite what people think.

Vitamin D can also be difficult to get from food, so if you’re deficient, supplements may be effective.

So far, no research on supplements has shown us anything better than healthy servings of less processed plant foods, including vegetables, fruits and nuts.

Words to Learn 相关词汇

【主要成分】zhǔyào chéngfèn staple a basic or principal item or part

【尽管】jìnguǎn albeit even though

维生素和矿物质补充剂是许多人日常膳食中的固定组成部分,但越来越多的证据表明,最受欢迎的一些维生素补充剂其实都没什么用。

一项对2012年1月至2017年10月间发布的数据和试验的系统回顾发现,维生素C、维生素D、钙质补充剂和许多受欢迎的复合维生素对人们的健康没有实质性的好处,没有证据表明服用这些维生素能够降低心血管疾病、心脏病发作、中风或早逝的风险。

这项发表在《美国心脏病学会期刊》上的研究是由圣米高医院和多伦多大学的研究人员带头开展的。

研究报告的主要作者戴维·詹金斯称:“我们惊讶地发现,人们最常服用的补充剂居然收效甚微。”

不过,研究也发现了几种对人体明显有益的补充剂。叶酸和含有叶酸的复合维生素B或许能降低患心血管疾病和中风的风险。

此外,烟酸(维生素B3)和抗氧化剂会导致死亡风险升高,不过只是略微升高。

研究人员称,这可能和烟酸对血糖水平的负面影响有关;而大量服用抗氧化剂会对人体有害。詹金斯说:“研究结果表明,人们应该了解自己服用的补充剂,听从医嘱,确保这些补充剂能补充自身所缺乏的某种维生素或矿物质。”研究团队的研究对象包括维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B3(烟酸)、维生素B6、维生素B9(叶酸)、维生素C、维生素D和维生素E,还有胡萝卜素、钙、铁、锌、镁和硒。

研究发现,一些维生素比其他维生素更有用。比如,锌能缩短感冒周期,而维生素C却不能,尽管人们一直以为维生素C能让感冒好得快。

维生素D难以从食物中获得,所以如果你缺乏维生素D,那么服用补充剂会比较有效。迄今为止,没有任何一项关于补充剂的研究显示有任何药物比摄入健康的轻度加工植物类食品(包括蔬菜、水果和坚果)更好。

(Chinadaily.com.cn)

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