英国将投放千万辆电动车 并废除燃气供暖

Plans to put 10 million electric vehicles on the road within 10 years and rip gas central heating from every home are unveiled Feb. 2 in the U.K.

Energy regulator Ofgem has outlined how the nation will have to change the way it travels and heats homes to meet the government’s target of net zero carbon emissions by 2050. The radical scheme to “greenwire” Britain will be built around plans for a four-fold increase in electricity from wind farms around the coast. But the proposals will largely be paid for by families and businesses, adding billions of dollars to bills over the next 30 years. It is suggested that building and running the infrastructure to support the rollout of electric vehicles could be US$2.6 billion a year, equivalent to US$39 on every household bill.

Switching away from natural gas heating and hot water for homes and businesses will require spending as much as US$26 billion a year by 2050.

There will be doubts as to whether the regulator and energy industry can deliver on the proposals, not least because of the delays and massive cost overrun on the installation of smart energy meters in all homes. Ofgem argues that the electricity generated by wind farms will, in the future, be considerably cheaper than from traditional sources such as gas, coal and oil.

Ofgem said: “Increased uptake of electric vehicles creates a rare opportunity for a win-win-win for society, through lower carbon emissions, improved air quality and a more robust and low-cost energy system.

“Support for drivers using their electric vehicles in novel ways will also be needed, for example by ‘vehicle-to-grid’ technology to share energy from car batteries back to the electricity grid when it is needed.” Ofgem envisages the number of electric vehicles will surge from 230,000 today to 10 million by 2030 and 39 million by 2050. It argues this will only be possible if the current total of 30,000 public car chargers rises to 210,000, plus 3,500 rapid and ultra-rapid chargers near motorways.

At the same time, traditional natural gas central heating and hot water systems will have to be ripped out of millions of homes.

These will be replaced with electric heating and, potentially, a new gas system run on hydrogen, where the only emission is water.

Words to Learn 相关词汇

【履行诺言】 lǚxíng nuòyán

deliver on do something one has promised or is expected to do

【尤其】yóuqí

not least especially or particularly

根据2月2日公布的一项计划，英国将在十年内投放1000万辆电动汽车并废除所有家庭用户的燃气集中供暖系统。

英国能源监管机构Ofgem概述了英国将如何改变出行和供暖方式，以达到政府2050年实现净零碳排放的目标。

这一激进的“绿网”项目将围绕着将沿海风力发电场的发电量提高4倍的计划展开。但这些提案将主要由家庭和企业买单，未来30年内将增加数十亿美元支出。

该计划指出，建设和运行基础设施以支持推广电动汽车每年或需26亿美元，相当于每个家庭支出39美元。

到2050年，家庭和企业将不再使用天然气供暖和热水系统，这将需要每年支出260亿美元。

有人会怀疑监管机构和能源行业能否兑现这些提议，尤其是因为在所有家庭安装智能电表的过程中会出现拖延和巨额成本超支。

Ofgem辩称，在未来，风力发电厂发电将比天然气、煤炭和石油等传统能源发电价格低廉得多。

Ofgem表示：“通过降低碳排放、改善空气质量和更强大、成本更低的能源系统，电动汽车的普及为社会创造了一个难得的三赢机会。”

“此外，还需要支持司机以新颖的方式使用电动汽车，例如通过‘车联网’

技术在需要时将汽车电量分享回电

网。”Ofgem预计电动汽车的数量将从现在的23万辆激增到2030年的1000万

辆，到2050年将达到3900万辆。该机构认为，只有在现有的3万个公共充电桩增至21万个，外加高速公路附近安装3500个快速和超高速充电桩的情况下才有可能实现这一目标。

与此同时，数百万家庭将不得不放弃传统的天然气集中供暖和热水系统。

取而代之的是电力供热，或许还会有新型氢燃气系统，这种系统唯一的排放物是水。

(chinadaily.com.cn)