SHENZHEN’S weather has recently become unbearably hot. The intense heat persists in the following days, and a yellow alert for high temperature remains active across the city.

Such extreme heat puts people to the test and may result in heatstroke that requires emergency rescues. On June 5, a child was accidentally locked inside a car under the blazing sun in Yinchuan City, Ningxia, risking severe heatstroke. Thanks to the quick response by local firefighters who broke the car window to save the child from fatal heatstroke.

What is heatstroke?

Heatstroke is a dangerous acute condition caused by exposure to extreme heat. It represents the most severe form of heat-related illness and is life-threatening. When the body is subjected to high temperature and humidity, its ability to regulate temperature fails, causing the core body temperature to rise rapidly — often over 40 degrees Celsius. Symptoms include hot, fiery skin, confusion or loss of consciousness, and dysfunction of multiple organs. The mortality rate of heatstroke exceeds 50%, and for individuals over 50 years old, it can reach 70-80%.

Symptoms of heatstroke

Early-stage heatstroke: thirst, fatigue, excessive sweating, dizziness, normal or slightly elevated body temperature.

Mild heatstroke: pale complexion, cold and clammy limbs, low blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, body temperature above 38 degrees Celsius.

Severe heatstroke: high fever, muscle spasms, convulsions, shock, coma, etc. Severe heatstroke can be classified into three types based on symptoms: heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke. Among these, heatstroke is the most serious form and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

Who is most at risk?

Outdoor workers exposed to high temperatures and heavy physical labor, such as delivery personnel and construction workers.

Vulnerable groups include the elderly, children, pregnant women, and individuals with chronic illnesses or weakened immune systems, who are passively exposed to heat.

Emergency treatment

If you suspect heatstroke, act immediately:

● Move the patient to a cool, shaded place.

● Lower the body temperature promptly.

● If muscle spasms occur, do not put anything in the patient’s mouth or try to feed them water.

● If the patient vomits, carefully turn them onto their side to keep the airway clear and prevent choking.

● If conscious, the patient can sip sports drinks or cold boiled water with a pinch of salt, but avoid excessive or rapid drinking.

● For severe symptoms, call 120 for emergency services immediately.

Heatstroke prevention tips

Go out less: Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun; do not exercise or work outdoors between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.

Stay shaded: If you must go outside, wear sweat-absorbing, loose, breathable clothing, use an umbrella, and wear sun hats and sunglasses.

Drink plenty of water: Don’t wait until you’re thirsty to drink. Drink small amounts frequently, and remember to replenish salt and minerals.

Ventilate well: Ensure good indoor ventilation and avoid air conditioning or fan blowing direct on your body.

Rest more: Get enough sleep and take naps as needed.

Pay extra attention: Monitor the health of the elderly and children closely, and never leave children alone inside cars.(Claudia Wei)