THE International Monetary Fund (IMF) lowered its forecast for global economic growth in 2015, and called Tuesday for governments and central banks to pursue accommodative monetary policies and structural reforms to support growth.

    Global growth is projected at 3.5 percent for 2015 and 3.7 percent for 2016, the IMF said in its latest World Economic Outlook report, lowering its forecast by 0.3 percentage points for both years.

    “New factors supporting growth, lower oil prices, but also depreciation of euro and yen, are more than offset by persistent negative forces, including the lingering legacies of the crisis and lower potential growth in many countries,” said Olivier Blanchard, the IMF’s chief economist.

    The IMF advised advanced economies to maintain accommodative monetary policies to avoid increasing real interest rates as cheaper oil heightens the risk of deflation.

    If policy rates could not be reduced further, the IMF recommended pursuing an accommodative policy “through other means.”

    The United States was the lone bright spot in an otherwise gloomy report for major economies, with its projected growth raised to 3.6 percent from 3.1 percent for 2015.

    The United States largely offset prospects of more weakness in the euro area, where only Spain’s growth was adjusted upward.

    Projections for emerging economies were also broadly cut back, with the outlook for oil exporters Russia, Nigeria and Saudi Arabia worsening the most.

    The drop in world oil prices, which have fallen more than 50 percent since June, is largely the result of OPEC not cutting supplies, a decision that is unlikely to change, Blanchard said.

    “We expect the decrease in price to be quite persistent,” he told reporters at a news conference launching the report. “We expect some return, some increase, but surely not an increase back to levels where we were, say, six months ago.”

    The IMF predicts that a slowdown in China will draw a more limited policy response as authorities in Beijing will be more concerned with the risks of rapid credit and investment growth.

    Slower 2015 growth in China “reflects the welcome decision by the authorities to take care some of the imbalances which are in place and the desire to reorient the economy towards consumption and away from the real estate sector and shadow banking,” Blanchard said.

    The IMF also cut projections for Brazil and India.(SD-Agencies)